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Language Acquisition vs Language Learning

According to linguists (that is, scientists who study human language), there is an important difference between language acquisition and language learning.

As you know, children acquire their mother tongue by interacting with their parents and the environment around them. Their need to communicate paves the way for language acquisition. As experts say, every person has an innate ability to acquire language. By the time a child reaches the age of five, he can express his thoughts clearly and almost perfectly in terms of language and grammar. Although parents never sit down with children to explain how language works, their expressions show a perfect command of complex rules and patterns that would drive adults crazy if they tried to memorize and use them correctly. This shows that the first language is acquired through familiarity with the language and meaningful communication, without the need for any systematic study.

When it comes to second language learning in children, you will find that it is almost identical to their first language acquisition. Even teachers pay more attention to the communicative aspect of language than just rules and patterns for children to repeat and memorize. To acquire a language, the learner needs a natural source of communication.

Emphasis is placed on the text rather than the form of communication. Young learners in the process of acquiring a second language get a lot of “on-the-job” experience. They easily master the language to communicate with their classmates.

In short, we are witnessing a trend in which second language teachers are quite aware of the importance of communication in young learners and their inability to consciously memorize rules (although they will surely acquire them through a hands-on approach, as with their mothers). language)

Unfortunately, when it comes to adult learners, a quick look at existing methodologies and existing language courses clearly shows that communication is sidelined, neglected or even ignored. In almost all cases, the courses revolve around grammar, patterns, repetition, drilling and memorization, without even a human interlocutor.

The same courses that promise you language independence and communication skills upon completion DO NOT OFFER you a single chance to have meaningful conversations. How many times have you read or read about the “perfect language course on CD” where the learner simply sits in front of a computer to listen to words and phrases and repeat them over and over again. This is not communication. This is the way to train a parrot! The animal will definitely learn and repeat a few phrases and amuse you and your friends, but will never be able to communicate effectively.

How are you expected to communicate if you are not given the chance to speak to a real person? Without real communication, language is as useless as Valentine’s Day without a lover or Children’s Day without children.

In some other teacher scenarios, the classroom work is mostly grammar-oriented: tenses, rules, multiple-choice exercises, etc. Is this like a child “acquiring language”? Absolutely not. It’s no wonder why so many people fail to acquire a second language naturally. Simply because everything they do is so unnatural and meaningless to them. This is the field of language learning.

Language learning as seen today is not communicative. This is a direct result of teaching language rules. And it’s certainly not an age-appropriate activity for your young learners, just like it’s not for adults. In language learning, students have conscious knowledge of the new language and can talk about this knowledge.

They can fill in the blanks on the grammar page. Research has shown that knowing grammar rules does not necessarily result in good speaking or writing. A student who memorizes the rules of the language may succeed on a standardized test of English but not be able to speak or write correctly.

As teachers, it is our duty that our students do not “learn the language”, but “own it”. What can we do to achieve this higher goal? In our next mini-article, we will explore simple effective and highly innovative ways to transform our learning environment into a real language learning environment.

Reflex (*2)

Read the article thoroughly.

Which do you think is more desirable, learning a language or learning a language?

What are the exact differences between language acquisition and learning?

Do you feel like you are acquiring or learning a language in your personal experience? Or maybe both? Explain your reasons.

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