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Riding on the Crests of the Success of Things Fall Apart – Chinua Achebe’s International Celebrity

Nigerian author Chinua Achebe’s book Things Fall Apart when first published by William Heinemann in 1958 was well received by the British press with positive reviews from critic Walter Allen and novelist Angus Wilson. Three days after publication, the Times Literary Supplement wrote that the book “truly succeeds in presenting tribal life from within”. The Observer called it “an excellent novel”, and the literary magazine Time and Tide said that “Mr Achebe’s style is a model for aspirants”.

Initial reception in Nigeria was mixed. Hill’s efforts to promote the book in West Africa were met with skepticism and ridicule. The faculty at the University of Ibadan was amused at the thought of a valuable novel being written by an alumnus. Others were more supportive. A review in Black Orpheus magazine said: “The book as a whole creates for the reader such a vivid picture of Ibo life that the plot and characters are little more than symbols representing a way of life irretrievably lost in living memory affected.”

A instant hit in Nigeria, but lightly reviewed in the United States when it was first published (the initial New York Times review was less than 500 words)

No book by an African has been so deeply discussed or so widely influential.” There were books by Africans before ‘Things Fall Apart’, but this is the one that everyone goes back to,” says Kwame Anthony Appiah, a leading African scholar who wrote the introduction to the Everyman’s Library edition of “Things Fall Apart.”

Things Fall Apart has become one of the most important books in African literature. Its publication is often cited as the birth of modern African literature, and since its publication the book has sold more than 12 million copies in 50 countries. It has been translated into more than 50 languages, making its author the most translated Afrikaans author of all time. It has appeared on numerous lists of the 100 greatest novels of all time, including those published in Norway (Norwegian Book Club), England (Guardian and Observer), America (Radcliffe Publishing Course list of top 100 novels of the 20th century; Time Magazine ) and Africa (Africa’s best books of the 20th century). It remains required reading in schools and universities around the world and is one of the most widely read and influential books ever written. It has produced a wealth of literary criticism that grapples with Achebe’s unsentimental representations of tradition, religion, masculinity and the colonial experience. Its immediate success secured Achebe’s position both in Nigeria and in the West as a leading voice among Africans writing in English.

The Chronicle of Higher Education wrote that it is “the quintessential African novel” for Americans. In fact, it is the foundation of tens of thousands of university students’ introduction to the continent, and even today shapes many of our ideas of the place.

In 1992, Achebe became the only living writer represented in the prestigious Everyman’s Library collection published by Alfred A. Knopf. His 60th birthday was celebrated at the University of Nigeria by “an international Who’s Who in African Literature”. One observer noted, “Nothing like it had ever happened before in African literature anywhere on the continent.” The work, which like Shakespearean plays lends itself to multiple layers of interpretation revealed with each new reading, is now anthologized in the Norton Anthology of English Literature.

Many writers of succeeding generations credit this work with paving the way for their endeavours. One of the most celebrated young Nigerian writers, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, says that she read Things Fall Apart when she was about 8 and re-read it often. “I find that I liked the same things every time — the familiarity with them. I didn’t realize that people like me could be in a book,” she explains.

Countless others from Nobel laureate Toni Morrison, who once called “Things Fall Apart” a “great education” for me, to Ha Jin, a Chinese-American novelist, have cited Achebe’s remarkable achievement. Achebe himself recalls some letters he received about a decade ago from students at a women’s college in South Korea:

“It also surprised me in the sense that I realized that people in different places would read it from totally different positions, positions that I didn’t think they knew about,” he says.

“They (the students) told me, a lot of them, that this is like their story. And I said to myself, `Korea? I don’t know Korea. And I don’t know what their story is.’ They explained that they were also colonized, by the Japanese. That simple fact of colonization was enough to make someone so far away quickly understand this story.

Achebe subsequently wrote several novels spanning more than a century of African history. Although most of them deal with Nigeria specifically, they are also indicative of the “metaphysical landscape” of Africa, a view of the world and of the entire cosmos perceived from a particular position. Achebe, who is 78, has written five novels, including Arrow of God (1964) and Anthills of the Savannah (1987), five books of non-fiction, and several collections of short stories and poems.

Although Achebe encourages Third World writers to stay where they are and write about their own countries, as a way to help achieve balance in storytelling, he himself has lived in the United States for the past ten years – a reluctant exile.

Things Fall Apart is being celebrated, according to organizers of events marking 50 years since its first publication, because of several distinctions it has earned, including the following:

o This is the very first authentic African story told in the authentic original African style.

o It answered some critical socio-anthropological questions asked by previous non-African writers

o It opened the great door for writing about Africa by Africans which led to what is today, African literature and the forerunner is some thirty years after the book was written, for Achebe’s countryman, Wole Soyinka to win the Nobel Prize, consequence. by other Africans.

o The book has been translated into more than 50 languages

o It has more than 12 million copies in print.

o The book has more than 50 awards and counting.

o Mainly for the success of this book, the author was ranked as one of the hundred most intelligent men of the last century.

o The book clearly represents excellence in quality writing as much as the immortal power of the value of a creative work. It also speaks to the power of hard work and the associated premium, success.

At the age of 78, Chinua Achebe lives in grace and in exile, housed in a cottage built just for him on the campus of Bard College. Achebe arrived at Bard in 1990, not long after a car accident in Nigeria left him paralyzed from the waist down.

On March 22, 1990, Achebe was traveling in a car to Lagos when an ash suddenly collapsed and overturned the car. His son and the driver sustained minor injuries, but the weight of the vehicle fell on Achebe and severely damaged his spine. He was flown to a hospital in Buckinghamshire, England and treated. In July, doctors announced that although he was recovering well, he was paralyzed from the waist down and would have to use a wheelchair for the rest of his life. While recuperating in that hospital, he received a call from Leon Botstein, the president of Bard College, who offered him a teaching position and a house built for his needs. Achebe thought he would only be at Bard for a year or two, a small school in a quiet corner of the Hudson River Valley, but the worsening political situation in Nigeria, especially during the military dictatorship of General Sani Abacha, from 1993 to 1998, with much of Nigeria’s wealth going into the pocket of its leader, and public infrastructure such as hospitals and roads, wilting led him to extend his stay. Achebe’s concern for the state of his country is seen in his refusal to accept one of Nigeria’s highest honors – Commander of the Federal Republic (CFR). However, he is waiting for healthy and hopeful signs for him to return.

Shortly after his discharge from the hospital, Achebe became the Charles P. Stevenson Professor of Languages ​​and Literature at Bard College in Annandale-on-Hudson, New York; a position he has held for over fifteen years. A longtime professor of languages ​​and literature, he speaks warmly of the students who seem to know his work well, but Achebe has not completed a novel in more than 20 years because he has no desire to publish any fiction in the US. state, saying it wouldn’t be “the most important thing for me to do because there are so many people doing it.” While he is currently working on two or three projects, nothing is close to completion and he admits that “a novel is definitely overdue.” In October 2005, the Financial Times reported that he planned to write a novella for the Canongate Myth Series, a series of short novels in which ancient myths from many cultures are reimagined and rewritten by contemporary authors. Achebe’s novella is not yet scheduled for publication.

A perennial candidate for the Nobel Prize, Achebe won the Man Booker International Prize for Lifetime Achievement in Fiction last year in June 2007. Often referred to as the father of African literature, Achebe has received numerous awards, including the Commonwealth Poetry Prize; the New Statesman Jock Campbell Prize; the Margaret Wrong Prize; the Nigerian National Trophy in 1961; and the Nigerian National Merit Award, Nigeria’s highest recognition of intellectual achievement, in 1979. Achebe is an Honorary Fellow of the Modem Language Association of America (1975); a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature of London (1981); and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Letters (1982). He was awarded the prestigious Peace Prize of the German Book Trade. Recently, last November, he received the prestigious National Medal of Honor for Literature from America’s National Arts Club.

Professor Achebe is also the recipient of forty honorary degrees from universities in England, Scotland, Canada, South Africa, Nigeria and the United States, including Dartmouth (1972), Harvard (1996), Brown (1998), Southampton, Guelph (Canada) , Cape Town (2002) and the University of Ife (Nigeria). In 1982, when he was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Kent, Professor Robert Gibson said at the ceremony that the Nigerian writer “is now revered as a Master by the younger generation of African writers and it is to him that they often turn for advice and inspiration.” His impact resonates strongly in literary circles. Novelist Margaret Atwood called him “a magical writer—one of the greatest of the twentieth century.” Maya Angelou praised Things Fall Apart as a book in which “all readers meet their brothers, sisters, parents and friends and themselves along Nigerian roads”. Nelson Mandela, recalling his time as a political prisoner, once referred to Achebe as a writer “in whose company the prison walls fell.”

In June 2007, when Achebe was awarded the Man Booker International Prize, the judging panel included the American critic Elaine Showalter, who said that he had “lighted the way for writers around the world who create new words and forms for new realities and societies search”; and the South African writer Nadine Gordimer, who said Achebe achieved “what one of his characters brilliantly defines as the author’s purpose: ‘a newfound expression’ for capturing life’s complexity”.

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